Exam 2

History of Quebec and Canada

Final Exam #2

Instructions

1-Indicate your answer by typing it in the text box below each question.

2-Use lower case i.e a not A.

3-Check your Score by Submitting your answer after each entry.

4-Compare your answers at the end of the Exam.

Good Luck !

Part A- 22 multiple choice items Part B-8 Structured response items

Part A

1. The numbers on the map represent three major regions explored by the French in the 17th century.

ARRANGE THESE REGIONS IN THE CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER IN WHICH THEY WERE EXPLORED.

Acadia

Louisiana and the Ohio Valley

The St. Lawrence Valley and the Great Lakes


(A) 1, 2 and 3		(B) 2, 1 and 3		(C) 2, 3 and 1		(D) 3, 2 and 1

Indicate your answer by typing it in the text box.Use lower case i.e. a not A.

Check your score

2. During the colonization of New France in the 17th and 18th centuries, France applied the economic policy of mercantilism. According to this theory, a nation's wealth was measured by the quantity of precious metals in its treasury. In order to become rich, a nation had to sell more goods than it bought.

WHAT WERE TWO ROLES OF THE COLONIES IN MERCANTILISM?

To buy finished products from the mother country

To produce everything needed for self-sufficiency

To follow the mother country's example and even try to surpass it

To compete among themselves

To supply the raw materials needed by the mother country


(A) 1 and 5		(B) 2and 4		(C) 2 and 5		(D) 3 and 4

Check your score

3. The social structure of New France was quite simple. It consisted of only a few social groups.

a) Nobility b) Bourgeoisie c) Common people

MATCH EACH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTIONS WITH ONE OF THESE SOCIAL GROUPS.

1. I run a large import-export business in Québec.

2. At the request of the King, I have come to New France to become governor.

3. I am a peasant; my two sons have left home. One works in the shipyard
and the other is a coureur de bois.

4. As bishop, I am head of the Catholic Church in New France.


(A) 1a, 2b,3c,4b		(B) 1b,2a,3c,4a		(C) 1b, 2c, 3a, 4a		(D) 1c, 2c, 3b, 4c

Check your score

4. Throughout its history, New France did not attract the population needed to settle and defend its territory. Colonial authorities attempted to encourage settlement, but with little success.

WHICH TWO FACTORS EXPLAIN NEW FRANCE'S LOW POPULATION?

1. The lack of profitable economic activities
2. The shortage of space on ships
3. The low population of the mother country
4. The excessive strictness of the clergy
5. The harsh climate

(A) 1 and 3 (B) 1 and 5 (C) 2 and 4 (D) 4 and 5

Check your score

5. WHAT WERE TWO ADVANTAGES OF BEING A SEIGNEUR IN NEW FRANCE?

1. Controlling all the wealth from his land
2. Sitting on the Sovereign Council
3. Becoming an army officer
4. Collecting rent and other revenues for the land concessions
5. Benefiting from the free labour of his tenants


(A) 1 and 2		(B) 2 and 3		(C) 3 and 5		(D) 4 and 5

Check your score

6. DURING THE WAR OF THE CONQUEST, WHAT WERE TWO RESOURCES THE ENGLISH COLONIES FOUGHT FOR?

1. The farmland of the St. Lawrence Lowlands

2.The territories of the Ohio Valley

3. The mining regions of the Canadian Shield

4. The furs in the Great Lakes region

5. The forest regions of the Outaouais

(A) 1 and 3 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 2 and 4 (D) 4 and 5

(A) 1 and 3		(B) 2 and 3		(C) 2 and 4		(D) 4 and 5

Check your score

7. In New France, certain aspects of the lives of the French colonists were changed
as a result of the British takeover.

They had to draw up contracts and wills according to the new civil laws.
They no longer had exclusive control over the Great Lakes fur trade.
They could no longer become lawyers or civil servants without renouncing their religion.

WHICH LETTER ON THE TIME LINE REPRESENTS THE PERIOD DURING WHICH THESE REGULATIONS WERE IN FORCE?

Check your score

8. A few years after its conquest of New France, England came into conflict with the
Thirteen Colonies. As a result, in 1783, England recognized the independence of the United States.
These events had major repercussions on the Province of Quebec.

WHAT CONSEQUENCE DID THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION HAVE ON THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC?

(A) Domination of the fur trade by Montréal merchants
(B) Settling of Loyalists in the Province of Quebec
(C) Great tension between the clergy and the British authorities in the colony
(D) Inclusion of the Ohio Valley in the territory of the Province of Quebec

Check your score

9. During British rule, England modified the constitution of its North American colonies on several occasions.
One of these constitutions was the Constitutional Act.

WHICH THREE DOCUMENTS CHARACTERIZE THE CONSTITUTIONAL ACT?

(A) 1, 3 and 6 (C) 2, 3 and 5

(B) 1, 4 and 5 (D) 2, 4 and 6

(A) 1, 3 and 6		(C) 2, 3 and 5
(B) 1, 4 and 5		(D) 2, 4 and 6

Check your score

10. At the beginning of the 19th century, England's increased demand for timber and wheat had major effects on the economy of Lower Canada.

WHAT WAS ONE EFFECT OF THIS INCREASED BRITISH DEMAND?

(A) Expansion of the seigneurial system (C) Building of canals

(B) Mass exodus to the cities (D) Development of the dairy industry

(A) Expansion of the seigneurial system		(C) Building of canals
(B) Mass exodus to the cities		(D) Development of the dairy industry

Check your score

11. For Upper and Lower Canada, the 1830s was a period of great unrest.

WHAT WERE TWO CAUSES OF THE UNREST IN LOWER CANADA?

1. Elected representatives were frustrated because they had no control overthe executive council.

2. British immigrants wanted to benefit from the seigneurial system.

3. Workers in cities demanded better working conditions.

4. Severe cholera epidemics led to increased discontent among the population.

5. Merchants were angry over Britain's declaration of free trade.

(A) 1 and 2 (C) 2 and 5

(B) 1 and 4 (D) 3 and 4

(A) 1 and 2		(C) 2 and 5
(B) 1 and 4		(D) 3 and 4

Check your score

12. The following events, all of which occurred during the same time period, were directly related to the creation of Canadian Confederation.

The United States deciding not to renew the Reciprocity Treaty.
Representatives of the British North American colonies meeting at the Charlottetown and Québec conferences to discuss and formulate the plan for union.
Representatives of colonial governments going to London to secure approval for their plan for a federal union.

WHICH LETTER ON THE TIME LINE REPRESENTS THE PERIOD DURING WHICH THESE EVENTS TOOK PLACE?

Check your score

13. The year is 1885. I am a farmer's son. Since the family farm cannot support two families, my father gave the land to my older brother. Now I have to find another way to earn my living.

WHICH OPTION IS AVAILABLE TO ME?

(A) Sell what few things I own and return to France, which the authorities will allow me to do.

(B) Go and work in the new aluminum smelters in the Saguenay region.

(D) Try to find work as an unskilled labourer in the new manufacturing industries in Montréal or Québec.

Check your score

14. WHICH TWO NUMBERS DESCRIBE QUEBEC SOCIETY DURING THE FIRSTPHASE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION (1867-1896)?

1. Large American companies invested in different regions of Québec.They exploited the natural resources needed in the United States.

2.The first industries were set up in Quebec's large cities. The living conditions of workers were terrible and factory workers united to form the first unions.

3. In certain rural areas, dairy farming (butter and cheese factories) gradually became Quebec's leading agricultural activity.

4. Quebec's economy underwent radical change as its staple product changed from fur to timber. This new industry created seasonal work for woodcutters, loggers and longshoremen.

5. There was industrial development on Quebec's North Shore. Sept-Îles and Baie-Comeau became important because of their proximity to iron ore mines.


(A) 1 and 2		(B) 2 and 3		(C) 3 and 4		(D) 4 and 5

Check your score

15. At the end of the 19th century, England sought to increase its military power and strengthen colonial ties within the Empire. English Canadians and French Canadians were divided on this issue.

HOW DID CANADIANS OF BRITISH ORIGIN REACT TO BRITAIN'S DEMAND FOR MILITARY AID?

(A) They wanted Canada to distance itself from Britain and act as a sovereign country.

(B) They no longer considered themselves members of the British Empire. They were Canadian citizens and the interests of their country came first.

(C) They considered themselves members of the British Empire. England was their motherland and Canada had an obligation to give military and economic support in times of need.

(D) They believed the European powers should resolve their own conflicts. Canada should strengthen its ties with the United States.

Check your score

16. WHICH MAP ILLUSTRATES CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SECOND PHASE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION IN QUEBEC (1896-1929)?

Check your score

17. The following events led to a change in the political status of Canada:

The signing of the Treaty of Versailles (1919)

Membership in the League of Nations (1919)

The Balfour Report (1926)

The Statute of Westminster (1931)

WHAT WAS THIS POLITICAL CHANGE?

(A) Canada obtained responsible government.

(B) Canada adopted a new constitution.

(D) Canada granted new powers to the provinces.

Check your score

18. WHAT WERE TWO ACTIONS TAKEN BY GOVERNMENTS TO RESOLVE THE PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE GREAT DEPRESSION, WHICH STARTED IN 1929?

1. They gave direct aid to a large number of unemployed workers whose living conditions had become uncertain.
2. They cut spending, reduced the number of civil servants and raised taxes.
3. They tightened the qualifications for unemployment insurance benefits and forced social welfare recipients to do volunteer work.
4. They started large public works projects to pay wages that would boost consumption.
5. They encouraged immigration in order to increase the number of consumers. Certain parts of Montreal became multi-ethnic.


(A) 1 and 4		(C) 2 and 4
(B) 2 and 3		(D) 3 and 5

Check your score

19. The following text describes a particular period in Quebec history.

Workers easily found jobs. They were even encouraged to do overtime. A large number of women entered the labour force. Rationing prevented Canadians from buying everything they wanted. The government encouraged them to invest their savings in Victory Bonds. Families were urged to reduce consumption and save material that could be recycled by industry. The federal government held a national vote. This plebiscite led to the creation of a new political party in Quebec the Bloc Populaire.

WHICH PERIOD IS DESCRIBED IN THIS TEXT?


(A) The Great Depression		(C) World War II
(B) World War I		(D) The Quiet Revolution

Check your score

20. FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SETS, SELECT THE CHARACTERISTIC THAT DESCRIBES CANADIAN SOCIETY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR.

ECONOMIC ASPECT

1. Quebecers bought consumer goods, such as refrigerators and television sets, that had just been put on
the market. Quebec was truly entering the consumer age.
2. Unemployment was rising; border shut-downs caused by the war greatly reduced Canadian exports.
3. Canada supplied raw materials and military equipment to Britain. Factory work was plentiful: there was
actually a shortage of workers.

SOCIAL ASPECT

4 To encourage women to participate in the war effort, the Quebec government set up a network of free day-care centres.

5. Canadian women obtained salaries equal to those of men. This measure was to encourage them to enter
the labour force in large numbers.

6. There was an enormous increase in the number of women in the labour force: they replaced workers
who had enlisted.

(A) 1 and 4 (B) 2 and 5 (C) 3 and 4 (D) 3 and 6

(A) 1 and 4		(B) 2 and 5		(C) 3 and 4		(D) 3 and 6

Check your score

21. Since the beginning of the 1960s, a new nationalism has been growing in Quebec. Since the time of Jean Lesage's Liberal government, successive governments have passed laws that reflect the desire of Quebecers to become masters in their own house.

WHICH TWO OF THE FOLLOWING MEASURES ARE EXPRESSIONS OFQUEBEC NATIONALISM?

          1. Nationalization of electricity
          2. Adoption of the Charter of the French Language (Bill 101)
          3. Passing of the Consumer Protection Act
          4. Implementation of state automobile insurance
          5. Setting up of health insurance

(A) 1 and 2 (B) 1 and 4 (C) 2 and 3 (D) 3 and 5

(A) 1 and 2		(B) 1 and 4		(C) 2 and 3		(D) 3 and 5

Check your score

22. WHICH THREE DOCUMENTS RELATE TO THE 1970-1990 PERIOD IN QUEBEC?

(A) 1, 2 and 4 (B) 1, 3 and 6 (C) 2, 3 and 5 (D) 4, 5 and 6

(A) 1, 2 and 4		(B) 1, 3 and 6		(C) 2, 3 and 5		(D) 4, 5 and 6

Check your score

Go on to Part B

Part B

23. FROM THE LIST BELOW SELECT 4 ITEMS OR PRACTICES BORROWED BYTHE FRENCH FROM THE AMERINDIANS,AND 4 ITEMS OR PRACTICES BORROWED BY THE AMERINDIANS FROM THE FRENCH.


1-birch bark canoes 2-cooking utensils 3-corn 4-wollen blankets	5-tobbaco 6-firearms 7-medicinal products 8-alcohol

Type your answer in the Text Boxes below. Do not use spaces or hyphens, enter 4 numbers e.g. 3456


ITEMS OR PRACTICES BORROWED BYTHE FRENCH FROM THE AMERINDIANS	ITEMS OR PRACTICES BORROWED BY THE AMERINDIANS FROM THE FRENCH

Check your score

24. Throughout the history of New France, the fur trade was the engine of the economy.
This situation had repercussions on colonial society.

ON THE DIAGRAM BELOW, GIVE ONE CONSEQUENCE OF THE FUR TRADE ON:

Type your answers in the Text Boxes below. Use lower case e.g. french


THE GEOGRAPHIC AREA		RELATIONS WITH THE ENGLISH COLONIES
of the territory	The Fur
	Trade
SETTLEMENT		RELATIONS BETWEEN THE FRENCH AND THE AMERINDIANS
Colony was settled

Check your score

25. Under Royal Government established in 1663, the roles of various members of colonial society were
clearly defined.In the text below, the titles associated with certain functions have been deliberately omitted.

PLACE THE NUMBER OF THE FOLLOWING TITLES IN THE APPROPRIATE SPACES IN THE TEXT.

Type your answers in the Text Boxes below. Enter 1 number in each Box.

1. Governor 4. Bishop

2. Captain of Militia 5. Parish priest

3. Member of the Sovereign Council 6. Seigneur

It is autumn and the harvest is over. Baptiste calls on the to pay his cens. He is in a hurry because he has a lot of activities to organize. Since he is the , he has to see to the military training of the other settlers of the parish as wellas to the setting up of a work crew to build a road ordered by the Intendant.

Then he has to stop by the presbytery (rectory) to pay his tithe to the and to ask him to visit his mother, who is sick. Baptiste chats with him awhile because he is worried. He is afraid the is not organizing a military campaign against the Amerindians in the Great Lakes region who are blocking the flow of furs to Quebec. The parish priest has to go to Quebec soon, where he will visit his superior, the . His superior might have heard of the plan because of his functions as a , which, in addition to being a court of appeal, is also a forum for the discussion of colonial politics. Baptiste is happy they had this talk.

Check your score

26. Following the rebellions of 1837-1838, London sent Lord Durham to investigate the situation in the two
Canadas. He was to analyze the situation and submit his recommendations.After studying Durham's report, London decided to apply some of his recommendations.These decisions were embodied in law in the constitution of 1840.

Type your answers in the Text Boxes below. Use lower case e.g. french

(A) NAME THE POLITICAL SOLUTION PROPOSED IN EACH OF THE TEXTS BELOW.

Text 1
"I believe that no permanent or efficient remedy can be devised for the disorders . . . except a fusion .... Thus the province would be subjected to the vigorous domination of an English majority in a legislative union." Durham Report

The of Upper and Lower Canada

Text 2

According to Durham, the only way to put a stop to the political agitation would be to instruct the governor to administer the colony according to the wishes of the Executive Council. This council would have to represent a majority of the members of the Legislative Assembly.

government

(B) WHICH OF THESE POLITICAL SOLUTIONS WAS NOT INCLUDED IN THE CONSTITUTION OF 1840?

government

Check your score

27. A few years after Confederation, Canada was hit by a depression. To remedy the situation, Prime Minister John A. Macdonald proposed several measures contained in what came to be known as the National Policy.

The table below contains the problems to be resolved by the National Policy, the solutions proposed in this policy and the positive effects of applying these solutions.

COMPLETE THE TABLE BY PLACING EACH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IN THE APPROPRIATE SPACE. INDICATE YOUR ANSWERS BY WRITING THE CORRESPONDING NUMBERS IN THE APPROPRIATE BOXES.

1. The government completed the transcontinental railway.
2. The increase in population created a large Canadian domestic market which provided businesses with a larger clientele
3. The government feared that the Americans would seize parts of the West if it were left unsettled.


PROBLEMS	SOLUTIONS	POSITIVE EFFECTS
In view of the depression, Canadian businesses wanted to reduce the sale of American products in Canada.	The government imposed protective tariffs (customsduties) on foreign products.	Canadian industries developed and the federal government had a new source of revenue.
	The government encouraged European immigration in the Canadian West.
Canada lacked the means to move goods and people across its vast territory.		Canadian industries could now sell their products to the newly-arrived people in the Canadian West.

Check your score

28. FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SETS, SELECT THE CHARACTERISTIC THAT DESCRIBES CANADIAN SOCIETY FROM 1896 TO 1929.

GEOGRAPHIC ASPECT

1. The provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were created.

2. Newfoundland joined Canada.

ECONOMIC ASPECT

3. Big business invested large amounts of money in order to exploit Quebec's natural resources.

4. It was a period of depression characterized by high unemployment, the closing of numerous factories and the absence of social services.

POLITICAL ASPECT

5. Canada's prime minister, Wilfrid Laurier, sought a compromise that would satisfy Canadians concerning Canada's
role in the British Empire.

6. The Premier had the fleur-de-lis adopted as Quebec's flag.

GEOGRAPHIC ASPECT
Check your score ECONOMIC ASPECT
Check your score POLITICAL ASPECT
Check your score

GEOGRAPHIC ASPECT	Check your score	ECONOMIC ASPECT	Check your score	POLITICAL ASPECT	Check your score

29. Despite a certain amount of opposition, Maurice Duplessis stayed in power for more than fifteen years. The groups described in the texts below supported Duplessis because they enjoyed a lot of advantages from the
policies of the Union Nationale government.

NAME THESE THREE GROUPS.

GROUP 1

Duplessis left total control of Quebec's educational system in their hands.
This group was also responsible for most of the health care and social services.

GROUP 2

Duplessis always gave them his support. This group benefited from the Union Nationale government intervening to reduce union strength and workers' demands.

GROUP 3

Rural electrification and farm credit were measures adopted by the Duplessis government to secure the support of this group.

Group 1
Check your score Group 2
Check your score Group 3
Check your score

Group 1	Check your score	Group 2	Check your score	Group 3	Check your score

30. Since the end of World War II, Quebec society has undergone considerable change. Two periods, among
others, were particularly eventful.

1960-1966 THE GOVERNMENT OF JEAN LESAGE
1985-1994 THE GOVERNMENT OF ROBERT BOURASSA

ASSOCIATE EACH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS WITH ONE OF THESE PERIODS.

1. The Quebec government created a ministry of education.

2. Attempts at new constitutional agreements failed.

3. The government wanted to privatize certain services to reduce its expenditures.

4. The government adopted measures to fulfill the slogan Maitres chez nous (Masters in our own House).

5. Hospital insurance came into effect.

6. The government became concerned about the large number of students dropping out of school.

Type your answers in the Text Boxes below. Do not use spaces or hyphens, enter 3 numbers e.g. 345

1960-1966 THE GOVERNMENT OF JEAN LESAGE

1985-1994 THE GOVERNMENT OF ROBERT BOURASSA

Check your score

Check your Answers ?

Try the Test again ?

Your score is now =

Use your Back Button to move on to the next question.

Correct answers:

1. Governor	4. Bishop
2. Captain of Militia	5. Parish priest
3. Member of the Sovereign Council	6. Seigneur